Good and bad licence changes

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Changing from a copyleft licence (e.g. GPL) to a weak copyleft (e.g. LGPL) or to a permissive licence (e.g. Apache License) is almost never a good idea.

The rare situations where it's a good idea

Using a weak copyleft or a permissive licence can be a good idea if:

1. the functionality of the software is already widely available in proprietary software; AND
2. wide adoption will help break a form of control that proprietary software companies have on a domain (i.e. via a format or protocol); AND
3. the copyleft provisions are reducing adoption

Examples

Ogg Vorbis and Theora

The Ogg media suite is an example of when it's good to use a permissive licence.

VLC

A seemingly bad change:

• Left wondering why VLC relicensed some code to LGPL, Bradley M. Kuhn

QT toolkit

Bradley Kuhn says QT's GPL -> LGPL switch was a good move: LGPL'ing of Qt Will Encourage More Software Freedom

status.net and pump.io

status.net was AGPL v3, but the developers chose Apache License 2.0 for the next generation replacement, pump.io. The lead developer, Evan Prodromou says the change is because the software fits the three criteria mentioned above.

Bradley Kuhn, in his Fosdem 2014 talk, said this was a good idea (or maybe he said "probably" a good idea), because pump.io aims to establish a set of web protocols. Listen to the audio of his talk for more detail (it will be online soon, or maybe is already).

LibreOffice

LibreOffice (LO) was originally LGPLv3+ but has switched to MPL2. More precisely, it will be dual-licensed under both, but distributors can only be held to the weaker of the two sets of requirements, which is MPL2.

Is this justified? Maybe.

Most of the functionality in LO was already made available under permissive and proprietary licences by Sun Microsystems and later by Apache Open Office (AOO). This puts LO in a weak position because if they ask third-party projects to abide by the weak copyleft requirements of the LGPL, the third-parties have the option of saying no and working with AOO instead. (More info about this race to the bottom can be found in the replies to this comment: [1].)

glibc

"there are plenty of other C libraries; using the GPL for ours would have driven proprietary software developers to use another" as explained in Why you shouldn't use the Lesser GPL for your next library.

GCC runtime libraries

An example of crafting narrow GPL exceptions to address particular use cases rather than moving to a weaker copyleft or permissive license wholesale; in depth explanations by Bradley Kuhn and in the GCC runtime exception FAQ and rationale.

External links

• Why you shouldn't use the Lesser GPL for your next library, GNU Philosophy
• Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism, GNU Philosophy
• Why Copyleft?, GNU