IT Policy Guide/Anti-DRM

Library Anti-DRM Statement

Libraries play an incredibly vital role in society. People trust us with the task of preserving, cataloguing, and providing access to human knowledge. Libraries are the embodiment of various utopian ideals: voluntary personal development, free and open exchange of information, shared knowledge production, civic solidarity, and the commons. Libraries exist to facilitate the circulation of ideas, because ideas must circulate to be of value and for new ideas to be generated.

While the advent of digital media, information technology and the internet has greatly improved the accessibility of cultural works, the development of Digital Rights Management (DRM) has severely impeded those benefits. DRM is a framework meant to supersede copyright law with far more limiting technological restrictions. This is an exploitative tactic that takes advantage of readers without helping authors. DRM is antithetical the mission of libraries[1] and threatens the future existence of books.

The notion of checking out a book from a library is based on physical scarcity. Enforcing artificial scarcity where no physical one exists is entirely contrary to the purpose of a library: to increase access to knowledge, not limit it. DRM puts private businesses in control of libraries' ability to fulfill their public service mission. If the availability of books is entirely controlled by third-party corporations, libraries will only serve as a temporary and disposable redistributor.

The greatest danger is that DRM allows ebooks to be remotely destroyed, creating the potential for digital book burnings that can happen instantly, silently, and on a massive scale. Books that readers own and control will be a thing of the past if we allow DRM to become the norm. People would never allow bookstore employees to enter their homes and take their books back or sign agreements to have their journals confiscated and destroyed after their subscription to them expired. Since encumbered ebooks stay locked forever and prevents legal uses of copyrighted words, DRM renders copyright irrelevant and eliminates the public domain.

Libraries have always fought for the privacy of our patrons and recognize the total surveillance which DRM can provide. Users are required to use only authorized software and hardware, forcing people to adopt technologies that support DRM schemes. Not only can reading lists be tracked, but also every time a book is opened, what pages are viewed, and what notes are taken. DRM requires patrons to cede control of their computers to third-party corporations, so that those companies can restrict when and how users may access "checked out" books or audio files. We oppose any use of technology to suppress the free and open exchange of knowledge and information or to intimidate individuals exercising free inquiry.

As a library, we derive great market power from our many patrons that come to us to discover new books, and we will not allow that power to encourage the use of DRM. Due to legal, technological, and ethical concerns around DRM, we are making a commitment to reject such technologies. We are dedicated to ensuring that readers do not lose their legal rights to technological restrictions as ebooks gain popularity. We are adopting a strong policy against such technologies:

• We will not purchase, lend, or sell devices which require DRM for viewing any media.
• We will not support any platforms which use DRM.
• We will not distribute any DRM-encumbered media.

Author Anti-DRM Statement

• We will not use publishing companies that require DRM
• We will not use distribution platforms that require DRM
• We will not require DRM for any of our books

Reader Anti-DRM Statement

• We will not buy or use any devices that require DRM for viewing any media.
• We will not use any distribution platforms that enforce their own DRM
• We will not download any media that comes encumbered with DRM.

Readers' Bill of Rights

As readers of traditional print materials, we are already guaranteed all of these rights--and we should not be denied them due to the medium in which we are reading.

Current

The Readers' Bill of Rights for Digital Books:

1. Ability to retain, archive and transfer purchased materials

2. Ability to create a paper copy of the item in its entirety

3. Digital Books should be in an open format (e.g. you could read on a computer, not just a device)

4. Choice of hardware to access books (e.g. in 3 years when your device has broken, you can still read your book on other hardware)

5. Reader information will remain private (what, when and how we read will not be stored, sold or marketed)

Notes

1. 2 is a requisite of #1
2. 4 is a requisite of #2

Proposed

The Readers' Bill of Rights for Digital Books:

1. Freedom to retain, archive and transfer purchased materials

• this requires the ability to create a paper copy of the item in its entirety

2. Freedom to read, understand and manipulate the file format without legal restrictions

• this requires a free format that guarantees the ability to convert the file into other formats and to view the file on our choice of hardware

3. Freedom to remain anonymous and maintain privacy

• this requires that our personal information or what, when and how we read will not be stored, sold or marketed

4. Freedom to have complete control over our own files

• this requires that we own our files and not be treated as a licensor: that no DRM be included, that no EULA be required, and that no other software surveillance or remote kill switches are used

Change notes

• Now structured like the [free software definition](https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) and [definition of free cultural works](http://freedomdefined.org/) (four freedoms numbered starting at 0)
• Combined #1 and #2
• Combined #3 and #4 into freedom to read understand manipulate the file (because paper is a free format that we understand)
• Reworded privacy to include anonymity and personal information such as credit info that books may be tied to
• Added control over files making DRM incompatible with readers' rights